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kite
ICH Elements 8
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Traditional knowledge related to patchwork techniques ‘Kurak’
Kurak is a Kyrgyz craft of quilting. Quilting is a process of sewing pieces of fabric together, which at the end create a common pattern. Pieces of fabric, leather and felt of various size and color are used for quilting. Kyrgyz people say that kurak is a renewal of the old, creation of something big from something small. Nowadays, kurak is still very popular craft in the Kyrgyz Republic. Quilted items are always included into a bride’s dowry. Many household items such as blankets, pillow cases, wedding curtains, table cloths, spoon bags, tea bags and other items are quilted. The quilting techniques can be divided into two categories: 1.\tquilting that uses triangular and rectangular pieces of fabric of different color arranged in a way that creates sophisticated patterns; 2.\tquilting done with thin strips of fabric of different color. One of the most wide-spread patterns is black triangle on a white background called tumracha (small amulet) or turna (crane). Another ancient ornament used in quilting is a black square put on one of the inside angles of a white square. This ornament is called boto köz (baby camel’s eye). There are more sophisticated patterns. For example, kattama kurak (layered quilting) is a square with triangles going around it. A red square and white triangles make a pattern called alma kurak (apple quilting). A square with diagonals made out of lozenges and triangles is called scissor quilting. It is used to decorate various pillows and cushions.
Kyrgyzstan -
Vồng Communal House Festival
Vồng Communal House Festival is a "two-term spring-autumn festival" (January 15 and September 9, 10, 11). The main day of the festival is the full moon day of the first lunar month, held at Đình Vồng relic complex, Song Vân commune, Tân Yên district, Bắc Giang province, to commemorate the merits of Saint Cao Sơn - Qúy Minh and 18 dukes of the Dương family, Mạc dynasty. On the 15th, the Saint's ordained procession is organized to the communal house. At the head of the procession is a person playing a minister. When the procession arrives at the communal house, a ceremony is held. The custom of offering a horse to carry the duke's color to the communal house to worship together is a special ritual. Vồng Communal Horse Sacrifice Ceremony: In the past, during the horse sacrifice ceremony, the knights rode 8 white horses at a leisurely and beautiful trot; Today, the organizing committee prepares 8 horses' heads (woven from bamboo, decorated with colored paper) for 8 young people to wear while running. The sowing ceremony to pray for good fortune is held in front of the communal houseyard. After the ceremony, the referee raised the ball high and commanded the boys with the East and West stripes to start the battle. After the offerings, there is an incense offering ceremony by the people in the village and visitors. The festival has many traditional games, attracting a large number of participants and ancient ones such as wrestling, martial arts dancing, horse racing, archery, crossbow shooting, fighting, cockfighting, kite flying, rice blowing competition, and word running, etc. These are all games that demonstrate the martial spirit and seasonal characteristics of agricultural residents.
Viet Nam -
Hải Thượng Lãn Ông Festival
Hải Thượng Lãn Ông Festival is held on the full moon day of January every year, which is also the taboo day of famous physician Lê Hữu Trác (1720 - 1791), who made great contributions to Vietnam's traditional medicine. The festival is held at two main locations: the grave site (Sơn Trung commune) and the church (Quang Diệm commune) of the famous doctor. The ceremony was held with many solemn rituals such as representatives of the government and people offered incense at the grave site; procession of offerings to the Great Physician from the grave to the church with the participation of 12 processions; Worshiping ceremony on the taboo day - held at the church of the great physician Lê Hữu Trác in Quang Diệm commune, Hương Sơn district with offerings including incense, candles, fruits, betel and areca nuts, water, sticky rice, chicken, wine, ghost money; Ceremony to pray for peace and health (performed by monks, nuns, and Buddhists at the grave site or at the monument of the great physician), releasing flower lanterns at the dragon wharf on Ngàn Phố River. The festival part includes activities such as the Ngàn Phố River Traditional Boat Racing Festival; Hải Thượng flute kite display; arm wrestling competition; wrapping and cooking Chung cake contest; Stick pushing, tug of war, volleyball competitions; Displaying local products, etc attracts a large number of people to participate. Main rituals include Sacrifice; a Ceremony to pray for good health, pray for national peace and prosperity, and a ceremony to release lanterns. The festival included traditional art performance activities such as folk songs, songs, rhymes, vi giam, and folk games that attracted a large number of people to participate. This is a big festival in Hương Sơn region, Hà Tĩnh province.
Viet Nam -
Lăng Sương Temple Festival
The Lang Suong Temple Festival is held at Lang Suong Temple, Trung Nghia Commune, Thanh Thuy District, Phu Tho Province; on the birthday of Duc Thanh Tan, January 15. In addition to the main festival, the Lang Suong Temple Festival is also held on the death anniversary of the Holy Mother on October 25 (lunar calendar). On the morning of January 15, the hamlets carry the offerings to the temple and gather into a procession of the commune, marching from the temple to the Da River with the purpose of taking Da River water to perform the ceremony and welcoming the adoptive mother of Thanh Tan from Ba Vi to attend the birthday party of the Saint. The community organizes a unique "water procession" ceremony with hem customs such as kite flying, abstaining from calling "hanh". They also organize the Saint procession, the army running game, the cow sacrifice ceremony in the form of a folk performance. The performance process here is both a performance of the legend of Tan Vien such as the Saint procession, the army running game, the cow sacrifice ceremony... and carries the meaning of agricultural beliefs such as the "water procession" to the temple. The offerings to the gods include raw pork, grilled beef, wild chicken, sticky rice, boiled liver, grilled meat, stewed meatballs, and bamboo-tube rice, reminiscent of the simple cooking methods of the Van Lang - Au Lac people. During the festival, there is a phenomenon of looking at "the wind blowing the flags" to recognize that the saints and gods have "returned" to the community. In addition, there are many cultural and artistic activities, folk entertainment games such as: Tug of war, volleyball, crossbow shooting, cockfighting, fire pulling and rice cooking competitions, throwing balls... Lang Suong Temple Festival is an affirmation and continuation of the preservation and promotion of the role of the cultural hero - Duc Thanh Tan Vien Son - formed in the early period of Vietnamese culture and civilization. With its unique spiritual values, Lang Suong Temple Festival was included in the List of National Intangible Cultural Heritage by the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism in 2018.
Viet Nam -
BODPARAK, laklakparoni
Game of kite. Usually boys make kites and in the windy day let fly them.
Tajikistan -
The Moon Kite Dance
The Moon Kite Dance is adapted from the game of the traditional moon kite of the Kelantanese Malay community. This dance relates about youths playing kites during the harvesting season. The merriment of this dance is portrayed in the young male and female dancers’ movement.
Malaysia -
Small Kite Flying
Layang-layang or layangan (small kite) is a framed thin sheet of material connected to a rope or string and flown into the air. This game uses the wind concept in flying the kite. It is said that kites have ritual functions or for certain ceremonies. The first written notes mentioned that this game originated from China around 2500 BC. A kite’s functions can be divided into five that are as a game tool, a ritual tool, a fishing tool, a research aid tool and an energy alternative medium. Research on the game’s concept found that it is a game that has become an asset and the best treasure for Malaysia. It is not only made as a medium for pastime entertainment but, on the contrary, it can also be made as a receptacle for various matters following its functions.
Malaysia -
Malaysia’s Traditional Game: Wau
Wau or ‘kite’ is believed to be invented by somebody with the name Sang Jaya or who had a title such as Dewa Muda, Dewa Hindu and Masai Kelana Seri Panji. Wau was produced between 711 and 839 AD. Originally the wau was invented as a symbol of a country’s greatness, as a guide for determining direction and also as a symbol of success for every attack by a country towards another country. This game is famous in Johor, Negeri Sembilan, Selangor, Kelantan and Terengganu. Among the types of wau produced are ‘wau bulan’ (‘moon kite’), ‘wau burung’ (‘bird kite’), ‘wau merak’ (‘peacock kite’), ‘wau kucing’ (‘cat kite’) and ‘wau ikan’ (fish kite). Tools for making wau are bamboo, knife, paper, pencil, scissors, glue and rope. The making of wau is very unique compared to other games because it requires a high-level of skill. Before flown wau needs to be ascertained to be balanced so that it is not heavy on one side. Wind factor plays an important role when flying a wau.
Malaysia