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whale
ICH Elements 9
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Whale Worship Festival
Held from August 15 to 17 at Ong Thuy General's mausoleum to commemorate the merits of "Mr" fish - the god who patronizes fisheries and marine occupations in general. On the 16th, at Lang Ong, a procession was held to process the South Sea General's palanquin onto the dragon boat to the sea. Along with the dragon boat carrying the water general, there were hundreds of large and small boats, splendidly decorated, with colorful flags and flowers accompanying him to the sea to welcome him. In front of the boat are incense and offering trays. On these large and small boats, there are thousands of tourists and relatives participating in the procession. When the Spirit is brought into the mausoleum, the ceremonies of praying for peace, building adoration of the great boi, and singing boi take place at the mausoleum of Mr. Thuy General. On the 17th, there was a ceremony to honor the king of Thuy Prime by ordination. The worshiping ceremony includes singing.
Viet Nam -
Traditional Fishing Methods (Turtle Fishnet)\u000b
The people of Qoma Island (Fiji) for generations have been traditional fisherfolk for the Ratu mai Verata, the overlord of Verata, an ancient kingdom in today’s Tailevu province. They also serve the Ratu mai Dawasamu and are administratively under the Ratu of Namena with the present system of provincial administration. All come under today’s Tailevu province on eastern mainland Vitilevu. They are renown for their traditional knowledge of fishing in observing the ocean currents, wind direction, the sky, understanding their fishing zones, the seasonal and temporal nature of fishing activities. It is their traditional obligation to present turtle to the chiefs of Verata and Dawasamu. There are established traditional protocols; from catching turtle to its presentation process, its taboos and strict adherence to elders who will be leading the delegation.
Fiji -
TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE ON DISASTER RISK REDUCTION, \u000b\u000bFijian Traditional Knowledge & Pre Cyclone Indicators\u000b
Traditional Knowledge can also be referred to as indigenous or local knowledge, however for the sake of consistency, Traditional Knowledge will be used. Traditional Knowledge refers to the holistic total of an indigenous people’s understanding of the world. While the term is often used in relation to oral history, its bounds are much broader. ‘Traditional Knowledge can refer to knowledge of past events, but also encompasses peoples’ embodied practices, spirituality, morality, ideologies, modes of artistic (or abstract) expression, and the ways in which knowledge is acquired and passed on through generations. Traditional Knowledge systems extend into the present, and are alive and constantly adapted in order to remain relevant to contemporary indigenous life. The term is predominantly used to designate those knowledge systems that are markedly different from the dominant Western systems of knowledge. Traditional or Indigenous knowledge is a: body of information passed down through generations in a given locality and acquired through the accumulation of experiences, relationships with the surrounding environment, and traditional community rituals, practices and institutions. In light of that, the iTaukei people from Fiji, have traditional knowledge of identifying early signs of natural disasters.
Fiji -
Cầu ngư Whale Worship Festival
Cầu ngư Whale Worship Festival in Đà Nẵng is held annually in the middle of the third lunar month in coastal areas to pray for a bountiful and safe fishing season. The first day is a ritual to report to the gods to prepare for the official ritual, and the second day is the official ritual. During the festival, the altar is solemnly decorated with incense and offerings. The boats are decorated with colorful lights and flowers. The houses set up incense tables, the boats with lights and flowers gather at a predetermined location and the chief priest organizes a consultation with the gods about whether a future project or plan can be implemented or not. The ritual committee consists of seniors. The festival includes the rituals of the Whale procession, the opening ritual, and activities such as shaking baskets, boat racing, swimming, tug of war, soccer, the "ho! row!" song singing, singing and dancing, etc. The festival expresses the villagers' gratitude to the Whale, a fish that often helps them overcome difficulties and challenges at sea and expresses their desire for a peaceful life.
Viet Nam -
Whale Worship Festival in Khánh Hòa
Taking place during in the 2nd to 3rd lunar month, the festival derives from the cult of worshipping whale, also known as Ông Nam Hải (Mr. Nam Hải). Whale worship is a longstanding tradition of maritime communities along the Central coast. According legend and local belief, whales are savior of fishermen in the sea and bring about good fisheries. In Khanh Hoa Province, the festival begins with a Nghinh Ông (Whale Procession) Ceremony in the sea. To invite the whale spirit, the local fishermen make an offering ceremony on the sea. After that, 15 fishing boats, lining up in a V shape, make a parade on the sea, processing the whale’s spirit to his temple on shore. The festival subsequently continues with the royal decree procession ceremony. This is followed by a ritual inviting the spirit enter the temple. Lion and dragon dances, bá trạo singing and tuồng opera performances add a more joyful atmosphere into the festival.
Viet Nam -
Cầu Ngư Whale Worship Festival
The Cầu Ngư Whale Worship Festival is held annually for 3 days, at the end of the second lunar month (from February 22 to 24), to pray for calm seas and favorable fishing season for the year. According to the elders, the Cầu Ngư Whale Worship Festival in the ancient Diem Pho and present Ngu Loc regions has appeared since the Le Dynasty, and has been preserved and promoted for many centuries. To prepare for the festival, people organized the making of a Long Chau boat, because this is the sacred object used for the main worship during the festival. Long Chau is a dragon boat, made of bamboo, bamboo, colored paper, foam and dyes, used as a dragon-shaped worship boat, to simulate the functions and powers of the gods of the river and sea regions and to send offerings along with the people's prayers, hoping to bless them in their life at sea. The festival consists of 2 parts: The ceremony part with rituals solemnly organized by fishermen such as: Long Chau boat procession, installation ceremony, peace-praying ceremony, food procession, palanquin procession... Here, offerings are offered to the gods with the purpose of thanking the gods for giving favorable weather, calm seas, full holds of fish and shrimp, good crops, a prosperous and happy life. When all preparations were completed, on the morning of February 21st of the lunar calendar, the temples and pagodas in the commune were opened one by one, the incense offering and worshiping teams began. By the next morning (February 22nd), the worshiping teams, the eight-tone troupe, the palanquin-carrying troupe, the village associations, the council of elders, the dignitaries in the village, and the heads of the clans were present at Thanh Ca temple to carry out the palanquin procession. The procession was organized to start very early from Thanh Ca temple to " Phúc land" (now the cultural center of the commune). After the ceremony to pray for coolness and peace here, the clans, people and tourists from all over the world came to worship and pay homage, until the afternoon of February 24, when it ended with the ceremony to send Long Chau back to the sea. The Cầu Ngư Whale Worship Festival often attracts a large number of people and tourists from all over the world to participate, with 81 clans and 450 fishing boats from Ngu Loc commune coming to participate in the festival, with a procession about 2 km long and hundreds of incense altars of the people worshiping Long Chau along the way to the altar. The Festival is organized in a lively, joyful and healthy manner, with exciting activities imbued with the traditional culture of the coastal area such as: water music performances, lion dances, festival drum performances, Chau Van performances, love songs, chess competitions, squid fishing competitions, net weaving competitions, duet singing competitions, human chess competitions... The Cầu Ngư Whale Worship Festival is an opportunity for people to express their aspirations for the fishing profession, go out to sea to pray for protection, and aim for a prosperous and happy life. The Cầu Ngư Whale Worship Festival is a large festival, especially valuable in the spiritual life of the residents of Thanh Hoa coastal area. At the end of 2017, the Cầu Ngư Whale Worship Festival of Ngu Loc commune was recognized by the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism as a National Intangible Cultural Heritage.
Viet Nam -
Cầu Ngư Whale Worship Festival
Cầu Ngư Whale Worship Festival is a ritual to worship the Whale - the king of the Vietnamese sea, which takes place in conjunction with the Whale Temple along the coastal areas of Phú Yên. The festival is associated with the worship of the Whale, which has existed since ancient times. "Ông" is the respectful name given by fishermen to Whales. According to fishermen's beliefs, the Whale is a species of fish that often helps people overcome dangers when drifting at sea. Therefore, the Whale is worshiped and has a special place in the spiritual life of fishermen. Fishermen often hold festivals from the 3rd to the 8th lunar month every year, which are solemnly held with rituals of worship, singing and folk games to pray for protection, peace at sea, a bountiful fishing season, a prosperous and happy life... The festival is an opportunity for fishermen to meet, have fun, entertain, share work experiences, life experiences... creating solidarity and unity among fishermen to build a prosperous life.
Viet Nam -
Whale Worship Festival
The Whale Worship Festival in Bình Thắng commune is a traditional cultural activity of coastal people. This is an opportunity for fishermen to express their gratitude to the Whale, to place their faith and hope in the guardian deity who is ready to save them in times of danger in the stormy sea; at the same time, they pray for calm seas and gentle winds, helping people have a favorable and peaceful fishing season. The festival takes place annually from the 15th to the 17th of the 6th lunar month, including rituals: offering to the gods, worshiping those who have contributed to reclaiming the land and those who have contributed to establishing a career, and performing a series of acts to show the birth of the universe and the development of all things. In which, the Whale welcoming ritual is considered the most important activity of the festival, attracting the participation of many fishermen. At the festival, nearly 20 fishing boats escort main ships to the sea to invite the Whale to the vibrant sound of drums and trumpets and colorful flags and flowers. Whale worship is considered a cultural feature in the beliefs of coastal people, honoring the beauty of fishing labor.
Viet Nam -
Whale Worship Festival in Quảng Bình
The Whale Worship Festival in Quang Binh is held on the 15th day of the first lunar month with the meaning of going out to catch seafood, wishing for a smooth sailing trip. In particular, the procession of the Thanh Hoang palanquin at the ancestral temple and the reading of the Than Ngu's funeral oration at Linh Ngu Temple are always the most unique parts of the Whale Worship Festival in Canh Duong. Fishermen, boat owners, members of cooperatives and cooperatives gather at Ngu Linh Mieu Temple and An Cau Ngu, offering incense and offerings to the Than Ngu - two giant whale skeletons that people often call Mr. and Mrs. whales. The procession consists of nearly three to four hundred people in beautiful traditional costumes. Along with that, the flags, parasols, palanquins, flowers... and boat models, along with the lion and dragon dance troupe, bring a vibrant festival atmosphere. The most important ritual part of the Whale Worship Festival is the reading of the Than Ngu's funeral oration. The most prestigious elder of the village is allowed to offer incense and read the funeral oration. The oration expresses gratitude for the protection and support of the whales and the whales for fishermen during their sea trips, as well as the fishermen's prayers for a peaceful and fruitful sea season. After the ceremony, there are festival activities with traditional folk games such as: basket shaking, boat racing, net weaving competition, etc. In addition, there are other activities such as: beach soccer, culinary competition. The Whale Worship Festival in the Quang Binh fishing village integrates many traditional art forms, folk performances, with their own identity and characteristics such as: bong dance, rowing on the can, swimming competition, etc. The most impressive is the rowing on the can - ho khoan performance, which combines the lyrics and melodies of smooth, lyrical tunes (including mai ba, mai nen, ho khoan); Unique is the running-word dance (or Dong Dang dance), which is a form of collective dance, holding flower lanterns while dancing, and arranging them into Chinese characters: "Thien-ha thai-binh", "cau ngu-dac loi" ... to pray for the country to be peaceful, a prosperous and happy life. The dance is flexible, combined and in harmony with the music from traditional instruments, such as: trumpets, sanh tien, xap xeng, drums ... The Whale Worship Festival in Quang Binh contains many cultural values and has an important meaning in consolidating the community. With its unique cultural and historical values, the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism recognized the Whale Worship Festival of coastal people in the districts of Quang Trach, Bo Trach, Quang Ninh, Le Thuy, Ba Don town and Dong Hoi city, Quang Binh province as a National Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2018.
Viet Nam