Kazakh Kuresi represents ancient form and style of Kazakh traditional wrestling, essential element of all festive events, celebrations and integral part of modern Kazakhstani national identity. Since ancient times, the beauty of this sports and strength of the hero-wrestlers “Baluans” have been reflected in folk epics, fairy legends, Kazakh literature like the poem of Iliyas Zhansugurov “Kulager” and Gabit Musrepov’s novel “Ulpan”, and archaeological findings.\nWrestling of two opponents is performed on 12m.x 12m. sized mat. The opponents are matched according to their weight category ranging from 60 kg and above 90 kg. All techniques are performed above the waist – wrestlers must fight on foot, making it more difficult. Wrestling on the ground is prohibited. The purpose is to lay the opponent on shoulders. Duration of the match is 5 minutes with extra time of 3 minutes which is offered in case of even number of points.\nEvaluation of matches is counted by: a) “Buk” – if the opponent touches the mat with abdomen, knee or both knees; b) “Zhambas” is given for three “Buks” or when the opponent touches the mat with one side of pelvis or both; b) “Zhartylay zhenis” is awarded for the technique when the opponent touches the mat with both shoulders.

Kuresi in Kazakhstan is a type of wrestling that requires players to battle it out on foot, the objective being to get the opponent’s shoulders on the ground. It is a traditional practice where trainers would coach young boys who would then take part in local contests.

Kuresi in Kazakhstan is a type of wrestling that requires players to battle it out on foot, the objective being to get the opponent’s shoulders on the ground. It is a traditional practice where trainers would coach young boys who would then take part in local contests.

Silat is a combative art of self-defence and survival rooted in the Malay archipelago. It was traced from the early of Langkasuka Kingdom (2nd century CE) till the reign of Melaka (Malaysia) Sultanate era (13th century). Silat has now evolved to become part of social culture and tradition with the appearance of fine physical and spiritual training. There are many styles of Silat which inspired by the movements of human anatomy, nature and animal in which the name of the Silat would be known, for instance, Silat Harimau (Tiger) inspired by the movement of tiger been creative forms the art of self-defence and attack by initiating a tiger in positioning one's hands, legs and body texture movement. The imitation in an aesthetic rhythmic motion portrays the art of the particular Silat. There are varieties of Silat style. In Malaysia alone, there are more than 150 known Silat styles such as "Seni Silat Gayang Lima" "Seni Silat Pukul Buah" "Silat Gayong", "Silat Bunga", "Silat Melayu", "Silat Cekak", "Silat Pulut' and so on.

Nowadays, the practitioners of Silat consist of Master/Guru/Teacher, Jurukaka/assistant/senior student and students regardless of gender, race, age, and background of their formal education. They are Silat practitioners who responsible for maintaining the practice of Silat and the continuation of Silat. They are members of the local community, living in the same vicinity. Masters are responsible for educating every student. The difference between the Jurukaka and the student is that Jurukaka is a senior student who has mastered some knowledge of Silat from his Master. Jurukaka is among the chosen individuals from the students and often has the potential to be a representative of the Master in training other students.

Silat is a combative art of self-defence and survival rooted in the Malay archipelago. It was traced from the early of Langkasuka Kingdom (2nd century CE) till the reign of Melaka (Malaysia) Sultanate era (13th century). Silat has now evolved to become part of social culture and tradition with the appearance of fine physical and spiritual training. There are many styles of Silat which inspired by the movements of human anatomy, nature and animal in which the name of the Silat would be known, for instance, Silat Harimau (Tiger) inspired by the movement of tiger been creative forms the art of self-defence and attack by initiating a tiger in positioning one's hands, legs and body texture movement. The imitation in an aesthetic rhythmic motion portrays the art of the particular Silat. There are varieties of Silat style. In Malaysia alone, there are more than 150 known Silat styles such as "Seni Silat Gayang Lima" "Seni Silat Pukul Buah" "Silat Gayong", "Silat Bunga", "Silat Melayu", "Silat Cekak", "Silat Pulut' and so on.

Silat is a combative art of self-defence and survival rooted in the Malay archipelago. It was traced from the early of Langkasuka Kingdom (2nd century CE) till the reign of Melaka (Malaysia) Sultanate era (13th century). Silat has now evolved to become part of social culture and tradition with the appearance of fine physical and spiritual training. There are many styles of Silat which inspired by the movements of human anatomy, nature and animal in which the name of the Silat would be known, for instance, Silat Harimau (Tiger) inspired by the movement of tiger been creative forms the art of self-defence and attack by initiating a tiger in positioning one's hands, legs and body texture movement. The imitation in an aesthetic rhythmic motion portrays the art of the particular Silat. There are varieties of Silat style. In Malaysia alone, there are more than 150 known Silat styles such as "Seni Silat Gayang Lima" "Seni Silat Pukul Buah" "Silat Gayong", "Silat Bunga", "Silat Melayu", "Silat Cekak", "Silat Pulut' and so on.

Nowadays, the practitioners of Silat consist of Master/Guru/Teacher, Jurukaka/assistant/senior student and students regardless of gender, race, age, and background of their formal education. They are Silat practitioners who responsible for maintaining the practice of Silat and the continuation of Silat. They are members of the local community, living in the same vicinity. Masters are responsible for educating every student. The difference between the Jurukaka and the student is that Jurukaka is a senior student who has mastered some knowledge of Silat from his Master. Jurukaka is among the chosen individuals from the students and often has the potential to be a representative of the Master in training other students.

Nowadays, the practitioners of Silat consist of Master/Guru/Teacher, Jurukaka/assistant/senior student and students regardless of gender, race, age, and background of their formal education. They are Silat practitioners who responsible for maintaining the practice of Silat and the continuation of Silat. They are members of the local community, living in the same vicinity. Masters are responsible for educating every student. The difference between the Jurukaka and the student is that Jurukaka is a senior student who has mastered some knowledge of Silat from his Master. Jurukaka is among the chosen individuals from the students and often has the potential to be a representative of the Master in training other students.

Silat is a combative art of self-defence and survival rooted in the Malay archipelago. It was traced from the early of Langkasuka Kingdom (2nd century CE) till the reign of Melaka (Malaysia) Sultanate era (13th century). Silat has now evolved to become part of social culture and tradition with the appearance of fine physical and spiritual training. There are many styles of Silat which inspired by the movements of human anatomy, nature and animal in which the name of the Silat would be known, for instance, Silat Harimau (Tiger) inspired by the movement of tiger been creative forms the art of self-defence and attack by initiating a tiger in positioning one's hands, legs and body texture movement. The imitation in an aesthetic rhythmic motion portrays the art of the particular Silat. There are varieties of Silat style. In Malaysia alone, there are more than 150 known Silat styles such as "Seni Silat Gayang Lima" "Seni Silat Pukul Buah" "Silat Gayong", "Silat Bunga", "Silat Melayu", "Silat Cekak", "Silat Pulut' and so on.

Silat is a combative art of self-defence and survival rooted in the Malay archipelago. It was traced from the early of Langkasuka Kingdom (2nd century CE) till the reign of Melaka (Malaysia) Sultanate era (13th century). Silat has now evolved to become part of social culture and tradition with the appearance of fine physical and spiritual training. There are many styles of Silat which inspired by the movements of human anatomy, nature and animal in which the name of the Silat would be known, for instance, Silat Harimau (Tiger) inspired by the movement of tiger been creative forms the art of self-defence and attack by initiating a tiger in positioning one's hands, legs and body texture movement. The imitation in an aesthetic rhythmic motion portrays the art of the particular Silat. There are varieties of Silat style. In Malaysia alone, there are more than 150 known Silat styles such as "Seni Silat Gayang Lima" "Seni Silat Pukul Buah" "Silat Gayong", "Silat Bunga", "Silat Melayu", "Silat Cekak", "Silat Pulut' and so on.

Nowadays, the practitioners of Silat consist of Master/Guru/Teacher, Jurukaka/assistant/senior student and students regardless of gender, race, age, and background of their formal education. They are Silat practitioners who responsible for maintaining the practice of Silat and the continuation of Silat. They are members of the local community, living in the same vicinity. Masters are responsible for educating every student. The difference between the Jurukaka and the student is that Jurukaka is a senior student who has mastered some knowledge of Silat from his Master. Jurukaka is among the chosen individuals from the students and often has the potential to be a representative of the Master in training other students.