National Intangible Cultural Heritage, Republic of Korea Yangju Sonorigut is a shamanic performance held to pray for the peace of the village and a good crop. It is said that the performance is associated with Gamaksa Shrine, which locals in Yangju regard as the shelter for the local guardian. Some people say that it was part of the ritual of a farming society to pray for a good crop. Sonorigut appears to stem from the respect for oxen and horses, and for heaven. It has also been handed down in Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, Gangwon-do, Chungcheong-do, Hwanghae-do, and Pyeongannam-do. Songs sung during the performance include Nuga nareul channa (Who Is Looking for Me?), Mabu nojeonggi (Journey of the Wagon Drivers), Bomul taryeong (Song of Treasure), Mabu daeryeong insa (Greetings of the Wagon Drivers), Soui meori chirye (Ox Head Adornment), and Jeol taryeong (Song of the Bow). The features of performance are refined gasa (narrative songs) and a large scale.

‘Berendoi’ (to lulluby) originates from the word ‘endoi’ of the Perlis Malay dialect meaning a hammock to put a baby or child to sleep. This custom is as the family’s thanksgiving after receiving a newborn baby. This custom too develops in Kedah especially in districts sharing the same boundaries as Perlis such as Bukit Besar, Kota Sarang Semut, Kubang Rotan and Bukit Kerengga. Berendoi has elements of the Islamic teachings with at least three or four participants chanting rythmatically during the ‘bercukur’ or shaving of a week-old baby’s hair. Among the activities in the berendoi ceremony still around today are mouth splitting, lulluby and Lulluby Above The Coconut Tree Shoot Or Make A Vow. Every performance is usually held together with a thanksgiving feast and ‘akikah’ (slaughtering of an animal usually a goat for the baby) with the goat’s meat as the main dish. Berendoi starts after the meal is served. The Berendoi group consists of a number of men adorning the Malay attire with pelikat sarung and songkok (head gear), or women in either a uniform of baju kurung or baju kebaya attire with head scarf. The Berendoi group starts their performance by chanting verses praising Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and then the group leader cradles the baby and places him in the hammock. The song usually sung first is Ya Rabbi in the Arabic and Malay languages with the lyrics full of praises of the Prophet.

The traditional art of Chèo singing in Ninh Bình province has been known for a long time, associated with a legend of the origin of Chèo singing and its creator Lady Phạm Thị Trân. Up to now, more than one hundred ancient Chèo tunes have been preserved in Ninh Bình province. There are 64 clubs of Chèo in Yên Khánh district, most of them have preserved ancient Chèo tunes and also composed new ones the lyrics of which based on ancient tunes to reflect the actual life of the people.

The Tay people have many rituals and prayers to ask for blessings, ask for good things, and banish evil and bad things. The vows made in the rituals called then roads are performed by the Thens (in the vowing rituals, there is also a system of words called Mo, Tao, and Phat roads, which are performed by magicians and teachers. Tao, Buddha - different names for worshipers). Therefore, the then ritual is a system of rhythmic lyrics, accompanied by rituals in religious activities of the Tay ethnic group. Those who can practice then rituals must be people with special abilities. According to the Tay people's concept and in reality, Then is someone sent down by heaven or selected by ancestors with then karma to help earthly people perform then rituals, meeting the spiritual needs of the community, if it is a woman, it is called Me Then (or Me Slin), and if it is a man - very rarely, it is called Po Then (or Po Slin). Then in Tuyen Quang, there are 2 types: the fan key and the calculated key. Currently, there are very few people who are "granted" Then Fan in Tuyen Quang. Then Fan (also known as Then Ky yen) is used in rituals to pray for peace such as: worshiping the mother, praying for relief from drought, praying for healing or worshiping ghosts... Then Tinh has an accompaniment musical instrument such as a pipe, a squirrel beam. and music.

Viet Nam 2019