Fairy tales are an important genre of the oral prose-literature of the Mongols which widely spread among people from ancient times. Mongolian tales are unique in a way that they reflect the nomadic way of life, symbolism, people’s dearest aspiration and strife in life. According to their contents and themes, the Mongolian tales are classified into parables and fables, magic tales, and witty narratives. In the fairy tales, wild animals such as antelope and domesticated animals are representing man’s behavior and portrayed with speeches in accordance with narratives. Only animal is portrayed as subject and played main role, this is why it is called fairy tale of animal. The Mongol fairy tale about animal is entirely allegory and portrayed animals are represents human behaviors. For instance, animals are portrayed as a wolf is greedy and always in hunger, a fox is tricky, a tiger and lion are sniffy, a bear is strong, a rabbit and hedgehog are wise, and other animals are generous and helpful.

Nomadic Mongols from ancient times have reflected their thoughts, imagination about the reasons of various natural phenomena, origination of the universe, universal outlook in the legends. Mongols used to transmit the legend about the historic events happened in their place, especially how the heroes were fighting and defeat against the intruders by orally to their children for nurturing and making them a patriotic people who love their place. Due to their ancient origination, the legends are the valuable source of the expression of the ancient Mongols, the foundation of their ideology system, universal outlook and the characteristics of speculative thinking.

Mongolian traditional folk dance “Bii Biyelgee” is an outstanding form among traditional performing arts of Mongolia, and unique and distinguished art expression which has embodied and originated from the nomadic living style of Mongols. Bii Biyelgee expresses the customs, traditions and spiritual practices through dancing elements, and its movements are typically confided to small space inside the Nomad’s dwelling-ger. Biyelgee is performed while half sitting or cross-legged sitting, coupled with fist and hand opening and waving, stiff and swift movements of chest and shoulders, shrugging and shaking them, crossing legs, steps and walks, as well as flexible body movements involved in prevalence. In doing so, biyelgee performers imitate the expressions of their lifestyle, household activities, courage, love, prides and livestock to the accompaniment of morin khuur, ikel khuur, tovshuur, tsuur, coupled with ethnic costumes.

Mongolia 2009

Mongolian traditional food is adjusted to the condition of the nomadic way of life. It is divided into milk or white products, meat or red products, and vegetable or green products. During summer and autumns, Mongols prefer to consume various different dairy products from milk of five livestock animals. Dairy products are generally produced by boiling, fermenting, distilling, brewing, extracting, separating or drying. Traditional food is dairy products, meat and green food or grain. Mongols do “Airag” from the mare’s milk, and do milk skim, youghurt, aaruul (oblong), with and orange eezgii, tsagaan tos (derived from the skim), tsorom by milk from sheep, goat and khoormog and aaruul from camel milk. Additionally, smoking, drying and preserving the meat from goat, cow and camel for making borts and shuuz. In addition, khorkhog, boodog, buuz and khuushuur and various different meals are made from sheep, goat and meat from hunting.