Children's folklore is a specific area of ​oral artistic creativity, which, unlike adult folklore, has its own poetics, its own forms of existence and its bearers. The common practice of children's folklore is the relationship of the artistic text with the game. It is a kind of tool for the socialization of a child, an area of traditional folk culture, including verbal genres and forms of children's creativity, as well as adult folklore addressed to children. It has its own genre system and aesthetic specificity. Children's folklore is one of the directions of oral folk art.

Uzbek tales, legends and stories, like those of other peoples, are part of the oral folk art. The tale is based on traditional plot and refers to prose folklore. A legend is often about any historical events or personalities, and stories are genre of folklore non-fairytale prose, passed down from generation to generation and developing historical themes in its folk interpretation. Tale is one of the most ancient and mass genres of Uzbek oral folk art. Oral stories, which are constructed based on fantastic ideas and artistic fiction, and which bear didactic idea and purpose, are called "tale" (in Uzbek – "ertak"). While representing an example of intangible cultural heritage, tales reflect, to a certain degree, worldview, national character, lifestyle and thinking of the people. Important role in the emergence of tales occupy ancient myths, traditions, rituals and customs. Although in Uzbek folklore studies the term "ertak" is used to denote a tale, in various regions of Uzbekistan this genre is commonly known as "matal", "ushuq", "varsaqi" and "chopchak". Legend is a verbal story, which is transmitted from generation to generation and is mixed with magic, sorcery and dreams. It is one of the examples of intangible cultural heritage. Legend, being one of the most ancient genres of oral folk art of Uzbeks, narrates about events and occurrences, in which notions aimed at understanding and perceiving reality based on artistic storyline, are embodied. For this reason, in legend it is possible to find brief information about social life, people's worldviews, traditions and customs and historical events. Story is a narration, which is done verbally. In terms of origin and historical roots it is considered one of the examples of ancient folklore and as such represents an element of intangible cultural heritage. It is a work of small size without commonly established form, which describes certain historical occurrence (that took place in the past) or past event by means of artistic fiction.

Aytim (Couplets) is a small form of performing art used mostly by mothers while speaking with babies. Couplets are quite important in bringing up good aesthetic taste in children, introducing them to good, real. This is like appeals to the baby in song form, which he will remember for life. Naturally, Aytim contributes to the formation of hearing, the recognition of sounds and rhythms. It also has a hidden connect with the mother's soul.

The culture of pehlevans (pehlevanliq) refers to variety of traditional physical performances, training and competitions practiced and transmitted from generation to generation by ‘pehlevans’ (traditional athletes/wrestlers). It includes zorkhana games and sports, pehlevan wrestling (‘gulesh’), and individual pehlevan performances at outdoor celebrations and various popular events. While zorkhana games and sports used to be performed in special buildings bearing the same name (‘houses of strength’, with arenas (“sufra”), surrounded by spectators), they were destroyed in early 20th century during the Soviet period. Despite the destruction of zorkhanas, pehlevans’ performances continued to be transmitted and became popular in early 1990s, when Azerbaijan regained its independence. Communities continue to use the term ‘zorkhana’ to refer mainly to their performances. Originally framed as training activities of athletes for military purposes (State of Safavids, 16th century), zorkhanas, with time, completely lost their original function, while remaining a part of culture. Today, dozens of pehlevans perform in Azerbaijan. In zorkhanas, pehlevans use specific tools (‘mil’,‘yekba’,‘kebbade’), which imitate Middle Age weapons (sword, shield, bow), but are made heavier (originally, to allow pehlevans handle real weapons easily). The gulesh wrestling is a type of zorkhana performances, requiring specific skills and regulated by set of rules. The competitions are regulated by referees and accompanied by “Jangi” music or naghara drums fast beating. Pehlevans also perform outside zorkhana sports, through weightlifting, pulling heavy objects and other displays of bodily strength. The pehlevanliq culture represents integral part of popular culture and gives strong sense of identity to communities in Azerbaijan.

Azerbaijan 2022

Yike Theater is a typical folk performance art form of the Khmer people. Yike Theater was born in the Ba Sắc region of Sóc Trăng province with the great contributions of his ancestor Lý Cuôn. The theme is exploited from the treasure of Khmer folk literature. The stage and scenery are of the nature of a "gourd stage", and a landscape backdrop (available, can be pulled up and down). Basic dances such as military training, congratulations, good harvest, water invitation... Dance movements are divided into two character lines: the front line has poise and decisive movements (men) and graceful and soft movements (women); The villain line has exaggerated, fierce movements. The choreography has separate rules for different types of characters: people (13), python (02), and animals (01); individual choreography (04) and combat choreography (06). Music: the main musical instruments are strings and percussion, the most important being "trô u" (dip lute); Pinpet (pentatonic) orchestra. Music has its own characteristics, is methodical, has clear patterns and rules, and is used for each subject and character's personality. Songs and melodies: there are a total of 163 songs (tunes, including Lôm songs and Nô kô rek songs), of which 34 are traditional and official songs; The remaining songs are influenced by other art forms. The songs are divided into male and female voices, with specific characters such as hunters, fairies, male, female, and clown roles. The characteristic of Yike singing is that at the end of all the songs, there is a collective chant inside the stage. The art of makeup according to specific regulations shows the character's personality: bold, clear makeup (human - white, pink red; fox - red, black; fairy - blue). This is a combination of art forms from singing, dancing, music, martial arts, costumes, makeup, painting, and cuisine with unique characteristics of the community. Before performing, they worship the ancestors. The game exploits fairy tales and Khmer folk mythology.

"Small Shadow Puppet" (also known as "puppet" and some call "Nang Talong") is a type of theater that uses a white screen and lighting to bring down shadows like the large shadow puppet, too. But on the contrary, the small shadow puppet is smaller and the figure can control the movement of the limbs and the mouth can speak by shaking the bamboo pole and can also perform fairy tales, new stories or comedies. Small Shadow Puppet artists need to know how to control the leather and narrate. The music accompanying the small shadow theater is the Pin Peat. The Sbaek making is not much different from the large shadow puppet. Short story used to be performed by artists from the Ministry of Culture and Fine Arts: -\t1994 “The story of Thun Chey” directed by Professor Pich Tum Kravol, Mr. Mao Keng. The leather sculpture are Mr. Man Kosal, Mr. Ieng Hoeun, Mr. Kong Rath. -\t1996 "Preah Chan Korrup" was compiled by Mr. Pok Saran, Neakru Uy Lattavann, Mr. Keo Sonireth and directed by Professor Pich Tum Kravil, Mr. Hang Soth, Mr. Mao Keng. -\t1998 “White Hair Send Off Black Hair” compiled by Mr. Pok Saran and directed by Professor Pich Tum Kravil, Mr. Hang Soth and Mr. Mao Keng. Drawn and sculptured by Mr. Prak Siphannarath and Mr. Soeur Vuthy. -\t1999 "The story of the father-in-law choosing the son-in-law” compiled by Mr. Pok Saran and directed by Professor Pich Tum Kravil, Small leather (Photo: Ministry of Culture and Fine Arts, 2004) Mr. Hang Soth, Mr. Mao Keng. Drawn and sculptured by Mr. Soeur Vuthy and Mr. Prak Siphannarath. -\t2002 "The Story of Alev" compiled by Mr. Pok Saran and Mr. Keo Sonireth and directed by Professor Pich Tum Kravil, Mr. Hang Soth, Mr. Mao Keng.

Mongol Tuuli is an oral tradition comprising heroic epics that run from hundreds to thousands of lines and combine benedictions, eulogies, spells, idiomatic phrases, fairy tales, myths and folk songs. They are regarded as a living encyclopedia of Mongolian oral traditions and immortalize the heroic history of the Mongols. Epic performers are distinguished by their prodigious memory and skills, combining singing, vocal improvisation and musical composition coupled with theatrical elements. Epic lyrics are performed to musical accompaniment on instruments such as morin khuur and tovshuur. Epics are performed during social and public events, including state affairs, weddings, a child’s first haircut, naadam and worship of sacred sites. Epics evolved over many centuries, and reflect nomadic lifestyles, social behaviors, religion, mentalities and imagination. Epic performers cultivate epic traditions from generation to generation, learning, performing and transmitting techniques within kinship circles, from fathers to sons.

Mongolia 2009

Folktale, the epic folklore text. There are mainly three kinds of Tajik folktales: magic or fairy tales, folktales about animals or fables, and novelistic folktales.

"Ayai" is a popular art form that entertains audiences through dancing, singing and joke. Most Ayai singers have been ordained (Buddhist monks) or well-rounded individuals. They are eloquent with words, have a good sense of humor, fast learners who can memorize a long storyline and are flexible. They have to unexpectedly create lyrics to suit the context of the ceremony or event. There are two types of Ayai: Ayai Chhlang Chler and Ayai Reoung. Ayai Chhlang Chler performed as duel, a man and a woman pitching their wits against each other through singing, and dancing humorously. The lyrics can be sung according to the knowledge and talent of the artist in education, social issues, poems, legends, fairy tales and other stories. Whereas Ayai Reoung is a type of performance which performers follow a storyline, long or short. The story that is brought to perform, whether it is a fairy tale or a modern written story, is mostly a funny one. The performance also includes dancing, singing, and challenging with or to their performance partner, just like Ayai Chhlang Chler. The accompaniment of Ayay is called "Ayay ensemble", which includes instruments such as: Tro Ou, Tro Duong Toch (or Troso), Khim, Krapeu (Tak Ke or Tak), flute, ching and rounded earth drum. There are around 15 music used in this Ayay orchestra and those are: Hom Rong, Kanseng Krahom, Ayay worship song, Bampey klay song, Tan Chao song, Dil La song, Soy Sangvar song, Sen Sranoh song, Chab Chhay song, Yil Yog song, Teka Mong song, bird walking on the ground song and hunter Prey or Chao Phim song.

Fairy tales are an important genre of the oral prose-literature of the Mongols which widely spread among people from ancient times. Mongolian tales are unique in a way that they reflect the nomadic way of life, symbolism, people’s dearest aspiration and strife in life. According to their contents and themes, the Mongolian tales are classified into parables and fables, magic tales, and witty narratives. In the fairy tales, wild animals such as antelope and domesticated animals are representing man’s behavior and portrayed with speeches in accordance with narratives. Only animal is portrayed as subject and played main role, this is why it is called fairy tale of animal. The Mongol fairy tale about animal is entirely allegory and portrayed animals are represents human behaviors. For instance, animals are portrayed as a wolf is greedy and always in hunger, a fox is tricky, a tiger and lion are sniffy, a bear is strong, a rabbit and hedgehog are wise, and other animals are generous and helpful.