The gendang is a traditional drum from Sarawak, Malaysia. This video demonstrates the challenges stemming from the discrepancy between the reality of a decreasing number of gendang-makers and the necessity of maintaining the tradi\u0002tion through the lives of two gendang-makers, Umar Tomik and his younger brother Safuan Tomik. \n\nIt also encompasses the methods of producing gendang, the types of wood used, the difference between gendang and drums from other regions of Malaysia, the method of playing the drum, types of drum performances, and stories behind the design of the drum.

Joroon Joroo depicts couples dancing while riding on horses strolling at a leisurely pace. This dance originates from the Mongolian folk dance Bii Biyelgee. Bii Biyelgee is a dance arising from the nomadic lifestyle, and was traditionally performed in a small confined space within the ger, next to the stove. The choregraphy is primarily performed using the chest, shoulders, head and wrists, to avoid raising dust indoors. The legs are in a half-sitting position or crossed, only acting to support the torso. It is characterized by the raising of the arms and shaking of the shoulders. It is primarily accompanied by the ekil (violin-like traditional instrument) and the choreography is relatively short in length.\n\nThe various ethnic groups of Mongolia each perform their own unique and creative form of Biyelgee, which all go by different names. As Biyelgee is not just a dance but a form of pantomime which involves wit, emotions and expressions, it requires a high level of technical expertise and patience to master. Biyelgee plays an important role in the Mongolian society composed of a wide range of communities, as a cultural asset reflecting the customs and lifestyles of Mongolian nomads, and a common ground connecting the various ethnic communities. The viability of Biyelgee had been under threat in the recent past, due to a continued decline in the number of transmitters and performing communities, the numbers of trainees and transmitters have been showing stable growth with safeguarding efforts by the UNESCO and the Mongolian government.\n\nCharacteristics:\n∙A branch of Biyelgee dance which uses horses as a motif\n∙Biyelgee was inscribed on the List of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Need of Urgent Safeguarding in 2009\n\nperformed by Mongolian National Song and Dance Academic Ensemble\ndirected by Tseden-Ish Altangerel\nchoreographed by Davaakhuu Altangerel

Dondang Sayang is a Malay traditional music and song that is well-known in the State of Malacca and still practiced by four communities such as the Malay, Baba Nyonya, Chitty and Portuguese. The performances are accompanied by violin, rebana, gong and accordion and sing by two singers of the opposite sex, who sing in quatrains. It has received UNESCO’s recognition as a Representative List of The Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity on 29th November 2018.

Lawraw Pohuang is two-stringed violin of Lawraw people. In this video, a man is playing Lawraw Pohuang with singing.

Once, A man went to eat honey from forest ranger. Another man also approached him and asked him to give honey but first person didn’t give him. He blocked the hole with giant stone. A few years later, he went there again, he found that bones. He picked a bone and put on strings on it. This instrument was called “Dor Yaw“. Later, it is made with bamboo and wood. Wood of sweet chestnut is made arm of violin and bamboo is covered toad skin. Two strings are put on it. Bow is made U Hlaing tree that from Putao Township. Bow is put between two strings to create high and low pitch.\n-1 feet 7 inches in Length\n-3 inches in Length of sound body\n-9 inches in Girth of sound body\n-4 inches in High of sound body\n-1 feet 3.5 inches in Length of arm of violin

This video shows the performance of Lawraw ensemble playing pohaung violin and Tang Mandolin with singing.

Yamanay has to made a hollow body and two gunny twines are attached same sizes. Bow strings is made with gunny twines and the arm of bow is made cane. There is a hole bottom of sound body to produce song. Bow is placed between two strings to play. Two strings produce “Tan sound” and Dound sound”. It has to be played at night when drinking intoxication brew.\n-1 feet 1.5 inches in Length\n-4 inches in Length of sound body\n-3 inches in High of sound body\n-1 feet 1.5 inches in Girth of sound body\n-1 feet 8.5 inches in Length of arm of violin\n-2 feet 5.5 inches in Length of the string

The body of violin is attached with saxophone. It has to be played with a bow, while pressing 4 strings according to the notes. It is played with a bow by pressing the 4 strings with the fingertips from up to down.\n-1 feet 3 inches in length\n-1 feet 3 inches in length of bigger horn

The body of violin is attached with saxophone. It has to be played with a bow, while pressing 4 strings according to the notes.\n-2 feet 1 inch in length\n-1 feet 1 inch in length of bigger horn\n-6 inches in diameter of bigger horn\n-5.5 inches in length of smaller horn\n-2.5 inches in diameter of smaller horn

Doro is a violin made of bamboo and chestnut wood. It has two strings on its body. A man of the Rawan ethinics is playing Doro with singing.

The soundbox and fingerboard are made of wood and the soundbox is covered with the leather and supported with the bamboo rods. Three strings are fixed and the revolving blades are attached at each ends of the strings to level the strings. The musical sounds are made with it pressing on the strings by fingers and played with a bow made of horse tail.\n-2.5 feet length of violin\n-7 inches of soundbox in length\n-17 inches of bow in length

Yamanay or Mahorgani wood is used to make Htaung Violin (Upright), one of Mon traditional string musical instruments. Its scroll is curved into the shape of Kainnayi or Hintha birds. There is an endpin under the lower bout. When playing 3-stringed Mon Htaung violin, the instrument is upright and leaned against the player's body. It is played with a bow which is made of horse hair. The first string is tuned to NgaPauk (Fifth Note), the second string to ThanHman TaPauk (First Note), and the third string to LayPauk (Fourth note). The strings are made of silk or nylon. There is no fret on its finger board, and it must be played by pressing the strings with the fingertips from up to down. It can play the scales of flat and sharp notes.\n-29 inches in length\n-5.25 inches in height of body