ALL
chanting ceremony
ICH Elements 9
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Bay Batabor (Ceremonial Sacred Offering)
Bay Batabor is one of the most important offerings among other offerings, as the old people in the fields often do when preparing offerings for various festivals, large or small, for example, birthday celebrations, funerals, Tes moha cheadok festival, and rainmaking ritual. How to make Bay Batabor may be slightly different from one to the next, it depends on the festival, community, or area. What we are sharing here is how to make rice cakes for cremation in Daun Ov village, Leang Dai commune, Angkor Thom district, Siem Reap province. First, they place ripe bananas and palm sugar which are wrapped in conical banana leaves in a bowl. Then take another bowl and place it on top of the bowl. On top of that bowl, there are 12 pieces of sticky rice and some spread sticky rice. Then, fold 12 banana leaves into a conical shape and put them around the 12 pieces of sticky rice. The top of the sticky rice bowl is called the middle part of Bay Batabor. It is where they place a banana corm right in the middle and they cover it with banana leaves in a conical shape. With that, they also put 12 areca palm nuts on it. On the top of the cone, there are 12 folded betel leave, 12 candles, champa flowers, yellow flowers, a paper bag of the dried areca palm, red and white paper flags, and riel banknotes. According to the elders who make Bay Batabor, they made the rice offering to put on the ceremony’s donation table. However, during the rain-making ritual at Neak Porn temple, the rice offerings are placed on the altar in front of other offerings. Before it can be placed on the table of the ceremony, those female elders, sit around the circle, make three rounds of Batabor bowls to dedicate to the Preah Shak muni stupa, and chanting for 3 times, “Tong Teng Kroleng Bopha Tok Moung Vey Bay Moung Va we are offering candle, incense, betel leaf and areca palm nut to Preah Shak muni stupa. The elders also mentioned that The Batabor rice bowl represents the mother’s body, and the 12 betel leave and the 12 candles represent the mother's breast, which has six holes in each side.
Cambodia -
Linh Sơn Thánh Mẫu Mother Goddess's Birthday Celebrations at Ba Den Mountain
The Linh Sơn Thánh Mẫu Mother Goddess's Birthday Celebrations at Ba Den Mountain is held for 3 days starting from the 4th and ending at noon on the 6th of May (lunar calendar) every year - a major folk festival in Tay Ninh in particular and the Southeast region in general with a harmonious combination of Buddhist and folk rituals. Inside the main hall of Ba Den Mountain Pagoda is the statue of Ba Den with altars of the Four Mountain Gods and the girls and boys standing on both sides. The unique feature of the Linh Sơn Thánh Mẫu Mother Goddess's Birthday Celebrations at Ba Den Mountain is the offering ritual performed by monks accompanied by music, both graceful and solemn, full of convention and sophistication. After the worship ritual is the worship program, folk art performances on the 4th, at Ba Temple take place the following rituals: singing puppetry to invite, singing comedy "Dia Nang", dancing to offer flowers, offering five-color trays, dancing with toys (dancing with jars, dancing with water hyacinths, dancing with lilies...). The most typical and sacred ritual is the Ba bathing ceremony (taking place on the night of May 4). At the Ba Temple, the bathing ritual takes place behind the forbidden palace gate by women. The bathing water is pure water soaked with fragrant flowers (jasmine, roses, lilies, orchids, etc.). After the Ba bathing ritual, thousands of people come to the Ba Temple to receive the Holy Mother's blessings. The 5th is the official Via festival. The most important of these is the "Trinh thap cung" ceremony. During this ritual, people offer 10 offerings to Ba, and monks take turns chanting continuously in front of the Ba altar. The 6th is for worshiping wandering souls, unlucky children, and offering alms to the people, followed by the salt offering ritual. In addition to the ritual, on the evening of the 4th and 5th of the 5th lunar month, many unique art programs and performances took place in the area of Dien Ba and Linh Son Tien Thach Pagoda such as: dragon dance, dragon horse dance, four-lantern dance, shadow singing and special excerpts from Cai Luong about the legend of Linh Son Thanh Mau. The Linh Sơn Thánh Mẫu Mother Goddess's Birthday Celebrations at Ba Den Mountain with bustling and sacred folk art activities has contributed to creating a rich spiritual and cultural life, meeting the spiritual and cultural needs of the people of the South. In 2018, " Linh Sơn Thánh Mẫu Mother Goddess's Birthday Celebrations at Ba Den Mountain " was recognized by the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism and included in the list of National Intangible Cultural Heritage.
Viet Nam -
Pả Dung Singing of the Yao
Pa Dung, also known as "Pa Dung" or "Pao Dung", is a folk song of the Dao people. These are songs composed and passed down by the people, born a long time ago, originating from production labor and ancestor worship. Pa Dung, meaning singing Vi, is a popular folk music form of the Dao people. Pa Dung has two singing styles: daily Pa Dung and religious Pa Dung. Daily Pa Dung includes: lullabies, singing for fun, singing love songs, singing between men and women, singing lament...; Religious Pa Dung - customs includes songs used in traditional ceremonies of the Dao people such as coming of age ceremony, wedding ceremony, funeral or full month offering,… Singing in the daily style mainly relies on the "improvisation" talent of the singer, based on a number of available melodies, depending on the circumstances and the audience, a theme has different lyrics. In "Pao Dung", the Dao people divide singing into three forms. The first is singing (Pao dung), in this form, people sing with the longest breath; the second is reading singing (To dung), which is a form of singing with average breath, not taking as much breath as "Pao dung"; the third is speaking singing (Coong dung), this is the fastest form of singing, almost like talking to each other, sometimes with chanting and prolonging the voice. Through singing Pa Dung, Dao people express their thoughts, feelings, and wishes for a better life. Therefore, Pa Dung has a very important spiritual and cultural value for Dao people. With its typical value, Pa Dung of Dao people was included in the List of National Intangible Cultural Heritage by the Minister of Culture, Sports and Tourism under Decision No. 4069/QD-BVHTTDL dated October 30, 2018.
Viet Nam -
The Culture and Custom of the Malay Community: The Lulluby Custom
‘Berendoi’ (to lulluby) originates from the word ‘endoi’ of the Perlis Malay dialect meaning a hammock to put a baby or child to sleep. This custom is as the family’s thanksgiving after receiving a newborn baby. This custom too develops in Kedah especially in districts sharing the same boundaries as Perlis such as Bukit Besar, Kota Sarang Semut, Kubang Rotan and Bukit Kerengga. Berendoi has elements of the Islamic teachings with at least three or four participants chanting rythmatically during the ‘bercukur’ or shaving of a week-old baby’s hair. Among the activities in the berendoi ceremony still around today are mouth splitting, lulluby and Lulluby Above The Coconut Tree Shoot Or Make A Vow. Every performance is usually held together with a thanksgiving feast and ‘akikah’ (slaughtering of an animal usually a goat for the baby) with the goat’s meat as the main dish. Berendoi starts after the meal is served. The Berendoi group consists of a number of men adorning the Malay attire with pelikat sarung and songkok (head gear), or women in either a uniform of baju kurung or baju kebaya attire with head scarf. The Berendoi group starts their performance by chanting verses praising Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and then the group leader cradles the baby and places him in the hammock. The song usually sung first is Ya Rabbi in the Arabic and Malay languages with the lyrics full of praises of the Prophet.
Malaysia
ICH Materials 64
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Traditional Ritual of a Child – Bestowal of Names
Magiti (food prepared for the occasion) and the qaviqavi (stable food) shared among the elders during the bestowing of the child’s name not only that the food is consumed during the chanting of the Kinikinibua; And once the naming ceremony is coming to an end, a yaqona and iyau (mats) is then presented by the child’s parents to show their appreciation to their family members/clan, this yaqona is known as ivono ni yaca, the name that has been bestowed, it also marks the completion of the ceremony.
Fiji -
Main Puteri
Main Puteri (the play of the spirits) is a ritualistic healing ceremony in which Tok Puteri—a Malay Shaman serves as an intermediary between the inhabitants of the real and the nether worlds. In this ceremony, the puteri (spirits) are able tone act a play to treat the patients who usually need to revitalise their psychic energy (angin) and spirit (semangat). Many Kelantanese believe that illnesses purportedly due to ghost, evil spirits or witchcraft are the ones that are most susceptible to this ceremony. Patient of these illness commonly lack soul substance and are manifested by their state of depression and general withdrawal. Auditory hallucinations are taken to be evidence of ghost possession.\nThis ceremony employs the performance elements of traditional musical ensembles, dance movements and dramatic dialogue during the process of healing. The musical ensemble resembles those of a Mak Yong musical ensemble: rebab, a pair of gendang, and a pair of gongs. Additional instruments such as serunai, gedombak, geduk, canang from the Wayang Kulit performance are also used in some ceremonies. These musicians play to accompany the chanting, singing and the movements of the Tok Minduk and Tok Puteri. Tok Minduk—nwho can also be the Rebab player—is Tok Puteri’s partner and sounding board tone gage and guide Tok Puteri to the relevant spirits.
Malaysia
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Pacific-ICHCAP Cooperative Workshop on Digitizing ICH-Related Audio-Visual Materials
ICHCAP, with the support of the Cultural Heritage Administration of Korea and the cooperation of the Fiji National Museum and Yap State Historic Preservation Office of the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM), hosted the four-day Pacific-ICHCAP Cooperative Workshop on Digitizing ICH-Related Audio-Visual Materials in various locations in Jeonju and Seoul. The workshop was organized to explore methods and technologies involved with digitizing analogue audiovisual resources related to intangible cultural heritage, with emphasis on Pacific art and traditions so that it can be approached and enjoyed around the world.\n\nThis publication includes the nine paper presentations as well as transcripts of the speeches and information related to the field visits.
South Korea 2017 -
ICH Courier Vol.30 Royal Court Dances
ICH Courier is the quarterly magazine on ICH in the Asia-Pacific region issued by ICHCAP since 2009. Every issue has its own theme under the title of the Windows to ICH, and the theme of the Vol 30 is 'Royal Court Dances.'
South Korea 2017
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THE JHANKRI TRADITION: A LIVING HERITAGE OF NEPALA shaman, known as a jhankri or dhami in Nepal, is a part of a unique tradition that is based on spiritual belief. Nepalese society, with its deep-rooted religious faith in supernatural powers, still believes that miseries, illnesses, and bad luck are caused by evil powers and that these ill effects and consequences of evil can be removed or treated by evoking divine power. It is believed that a properly trained jhankri is gifted with the ability to gain intimate knowledge of supernatural beings—their whereabouts, desires, dislikes, and requirements—and drawing out their divine spirit to remove evil and thus cure the inflicted.Year2012NationSouth Korea
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KHON: THAI MASK PLAYKhon is a Thai dance drama presenting a Ramayana epic. Each dancer wears a head mask to depict a particular character of the play. Ramayana is the war between Pra Ram (the exile prince of Ayothaya) and Totsakan (the demon king of Longka who abducted Sida, the wife of the prince). Pra Ram, with the help of the monkey troops led by Hanuman, wins the war and returns to Ayothaya with Sida. This lengthy play is divided into a number of episodes, each of which depicts a different battle scene. These episodes are of two types. First is the war play which comprisesYear2014NationSouth Korea