Airag or Kumis in Russian is fermented mare’s milk beverage. This healing and foaming drink produced by fermentation of fresh mare’s milk with natural enzymes in Khukhuur (leather sack). Khukhuur is made from big bull’s hide. Mongols highly value Airag as a magic beverage and perform unique and specific rituals related to Airag.

Neypo is celebrated on the 15 and 16th day of the 6th month in Bhutanese calendar. As agreed with Neypo to offer him a bull every year, people of Khoma had to slaughter an ox for the festival. Later lam (Spiritual master) Chonying Rangdrol visited Khoma during one of the Neypo festivals, at which time he saw people slaughtered an ox and he felt mercy for that ox from that day lama told people not to kill animal instead of killing, make effigy/ransom of Ox with the wheat flour and offered to Neypo.\n

Neypo is celebrated on the 15 and 16th day of the 6th month in Bhutanese calendar. As agreed with Neypo to offer him a bull every year, people of Khoma had to slaughter an ox for the festival. Later lam (Spiritual master) Chonying Rangdrol visited Khoma during one of the Neypo festivals, at which time he saw people slaughtered an ox and he felt mercy for that ox from that day lama told people not to kill animal instead of killing, make effigy/ransom of Ox with the wheat flour and offered to Neypo.

The Shinjé Yabyum dance is a display of Yamāntaka, performed by two dancers wearing red bull masks, silk robes, vajra shoulder covers, and traditional Bhutanese leather boots. They each hold a sword symbolizing the wisdom that cuts through ignorance. The dance is accompanied by a musical orchestra constituted of a cymbal and long horns. During the entry and the exit chapters, oboes are also played. \n\nVajrayāna rituals including sacred cham require the stage to be cleansed of negative forces. Thus, the female and male wrathful forms of Mañjuśrī chase evil forces and bless the ground as sacred space. This action of delimiting the ground is called sachag, or establishing the ground. The dance is also performed as a piece during the dance tests, which the dancers perform without wearing masks. The dance is often performed by the dancers who are next to the two chief dancers, these being the first and the last dancers.\n\nDuring this dance, the master clown often appears to make fun of the two bull-masked figures, pretending they are bullocks and he is a ploughman. The movement of the dance, like most other cham, alternate between slow and peaceful motions and fast violent movements. \n\nNote : The text above is an excerpt from the collection of essays from the Bhutan Cultural Library (https://schopheltrashigangpa.wordpress.com/) and adapted with the information provided from the National Library and Archives of Bhutan.