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Manage No VC00000044 Country Myanmar Year 2014 Copyright Ministry of Culture Attach File View 1
| Description | The traditional musical instruments of Myanmar were prominent throughout the nation’s history. The instruments were developed as early as the Pyu Era, Bagan Era and many were dominant features of music during the Innwa Era and Konbaung Era. While some of these instruments have been preserved and are used today, others have been lost to history. In an attempt to preserve the traditional musical instruments of Myanmar, the Ministry of Culture displayed traditional instruments and distributed the books about the instruments during an exhibition in 1955. This research shows thirty-three kinds of instruments. Moreover, in a 2003 celebration of traditional instruments, the Ministry of Culture exhibited over two hundred traditional instruments at the national museum. While the instruments on display were representative of many regions and states, many instruments were not included. Because of this lack of full representativeness, additional research through field studies is required. This project proposal addresses this need. To create a preliminary basis towards developing a national ICH inventory of craftsmanship and performing arts of traditional musical instruments in Myanmar. To safeguard ICH related to the craftsmanship and performing arts of traditional musical instruments and to promote cultural diversity among multi- ethnic groups in Myanmar. To raise awareness of the Myanmar public on the importance of ICH. To expand networking and information sharing between Myanmar and Korea. | ||
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VI00000477
Vat-gine (Crescent-shaped Gong) Mon Traditional Crescent Gong
Vat-gine or crescent-shaped gong is one of the Mon traditional musical instruments that has been used since the ancient time. The original crescent-shaped gong was consisted of 14 gongs and used to be played only in Nat (Spirit) propitiation ceremony. But, an additional gong tuned to Nga Pauk (Fifth Note) is added to play since the late 1962. The Crescent-shaped gong consists of 14 gongs which are arranged in ascending order from right to left. The pitch of gongs is higher from left to right and the player has to strike them with two mallets. This crescent-shaped gong is played in Mon national celebrations, Hin-tha dance, solo dance performance, Mon traditional dance and national ceremonies such as Union Day and Mon National day. Firstly, the two ends of fine Yamanay wood is smeared with mud. After its bark is stripped off, the log is smeared with mud again and left for six months to dry by itself so that the wood becomes well seasoned. The rattans are attached to arrange the 13 crescent-shaped gongs. It is painted with the original color of the wood and embellished in Mon traditional decorations. The left side of instrument is carved into head of Kainnayi bird and the right one its tail. The stands are carved into the two legs of this bird. -68 inches in length -46 inches in height -9.25 inches in the breadth of middle hollow -9 inches in length of Kainnayi Head -7.25 inches in tail
3:48
Myanmar 2014 -
VI00000476
Kyam (Crocodile Zither)
The crocodile-shaped zither was one of musical instruments that Pyu delegation performed in China in AD 802 as part of cultural exchange programme. Michael Sign, one of members of Eastern India Company delegation visited King Bodaw Phaya in 1795, wrote about this musical instrument in his book. There are two types of crocodile zithers, of which one must be played with fingers and other with plectrum. The 3-stringed Crocodile Zither must be played with plectrum by strumming with the right hand, and fretting and plucking the strings with left hand. The first and third strings are tuned to LayPauk (Fourth Note), while the second string to ThanHman Tapauk (First Note). The fine wood must be smeared with mud and left dry by itself. After it becomes well seasoned, it is curved into the shape of crocodile. The body must be made hollow. There is a sound hole underneath in which the sound is resonated. The three strings are stretched from its head to tail. There are two tuning pegs on the jaw of crocodile. The sound hole and the tuning pegs lie in different position. The strings are made of silk or nylon or alloy. Thirteen wooden frets are placed with the use of beeswax under the strings. -68 inches in length -7.5 inches in breadth -10.5 inches in height -17.5 inches in circumference
4:18
Myanmar 2014 -
VI00000475
Ta-Lut (Bamboo flute)
Ta-Lut flute is made of bamboo. The holes of this flute are to be perforated at distances according to the size of flute. There are a total of 10 perforated holes including 7 finger holes, a thumb-hole, a membrane hole and a vent hole. In perforation process, mark the three divisions on the bamboo stick with the same distance. The lowest finger holes must be perforated at the starting point of second division, and the six finger holes at the same gap according to diameter of bamboo stick. The thumb-hole is perforated on the lower side of the flute at the point half- way between the upper sixth and seventh hole. The vent hole is perforated between the topmost finger hole and the tube end. The membrane hole is between the vent hole and the seventh hole. This wind instrument consists of a hollow tube and has to be played by blowing through a open hole at one end. Its melody includes vibration frequency according to Mon traditional songs. -1 feet 5 inches in length -1.5 inches in diameter
4:37
Myanmar 2014 -
VI00000473
Jor/Htaung Tayaw (Upright Violin)
Yamanay or Mahorgani wood is used to make Htaung Violin (Upright), one of Mon traditional string musical instruments. Its scroll is curved into the shape of Kainnayi or Hintha birds. There is an endpin under the lower bout. When playing 3-stringed Mon Htaung violin, the instrument is upright and leaned against the player's body. It is played with a bow which is made of horse hair. The first string is tuned to NgaPauk (Fifth Note), the second string to ThanHman TaPauk (First Note), and the third string to LayPauk (Fourth note). The strings are made of silk or nylon. There is no fret on its finger board, and it must be played by pressing the strings with the fingertips from up to down. It can play the scales of flat and sharp notes. -29 inches in length -5.25 inches in height of body
3:02
Myanmar 2014
