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The tradition of long-term group hunting 'Salbuurun’
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  • Manage No, Sortation, Country, Writer ,Date, Copyright
    Manage No EE00000418
    Country Kyrgyzstan
    ICH Domain Social practices, rituals, festive events Knowledge and practices about nature and the universe Traditional craft skills
    Address
    All regions of Kyrgyzstan. Hunting game with dogs ‘taigan’ is common in the mountainous regions of Kyrgyzstan, mainly in the Tien Shan Mountains.
    Year of Designation 2008
Description ‘Salbuurun’ is a complex hunting game with golden eagles, ‘taigan’ dogs (the Kyrgyz breed of greyhounds) and bow. In the modern salbuurun, golden eagles participate in two exercises: ‘chyrga’ and ‘ondok’. In the first exercise, each berkutchi (eagle master) lets his eagle flying towards moulage, which is entailed by a galloping rider. The eagle has to reach and grasp it. Here, time and speed of the golden eagle are estimated. The golden eagle is seated at a distance of 200 meters in ‘ondok’ exercise. At the judge’s signal, the hunter holloes his eagle holding bait in his hands. Here, the arrival time of the eagle to his owner’s hand is estimated. ‘Taigan zharysh’ is a race organized for the greyhounds. Dog’s agility is determined by the speed of its run at a distance of 350 meters. Dogs chase the moulages that is entailed by the horse rider. ‘Zhaa atuu’ is shooting with a traditional bow (archery).
Social and cultural significance The Kyrgyz revealed the best hunters, horses, eagles and taigans during hunts. It was a kind of selection. Salbuurun also examined the horseman for courage and skillfulness. In some regions of Kyrgyzstan, a hunter is still considered to be a true man (jigit), if he can get a wildfowl and protect lambs from predators with just hunting tools and a golden eagle. The courage must be demonstrated not only by the hunter, but by his faithful friend taigan as well. The element strengthens a live, non-virtual, communication between various people and supports other types of ICH, such as sherine (forms of joint traditional recreation) or ashar (types of mutual labor assistance). The element requires regular physical training and contributes to maintaining the fit and healthy body of the practitioners. High achievements in Salbuurun at the international level from a sense of national pride and collective identity. The element forms the social demand for older generations who can no longer practice, but know what young practitioners need. The development of Salbuurun enriches the country's tourism potential. The traditional knowledge and rituals of Salbuurun are folk methods of preserving biodiversity and ecology, and should become part of modern educational programs.
Transmission method The element mainly transmitted informally through the master-apprentice system (ustat-shakirt) based on kinship. Typically, the element is transmitted through family line and practices, as well as through life stories and oral history. An apprentice without family heritage finds a teacher and learns the art of Salbuurun through individual master-apprentice system. Cultural events and festivals of various sizes are methods of knowledge transmission as well. There are many national events take place in the country annually. Each of them contains training components. Since 2014, the World Nomad Games have become an international platform to exchange the experiences and knowledge.
Community Community of ‘salbuurunchu’ - Salbuurun knowledge bearers. 1.Federation 'Salbuurun" 2.Federation "Sanat Kuumai" 3. Public Association "Kyrgyz Taigan Club" 4. Public Foundation "Resources for Youth Development" 5. Public Foundation "Institute of Sustainable Development Strategy"
Keyword
Information source
National Commission of the Kyrgyz Republic for UNESCO
https://en.unesco.org/countries/kyrgyzstan/information
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