PI00003621

The Empu (Keris maker)

PI00003620

The Empu (Keris maker)

PI00003619

Sepuh process

PI00003618

Sangling process

PI00003617

Pamor seed

PI00003616

Keris in exebition

PI00003615

Keris Craftsmen in Brojobuwono Besalen (Kris workshop)2

PI00001556

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00003614

Keris Craftsmen in Brojobuwono Besalen (Kris workshop)

PI00003567

Inserting pamor

PI00001557

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001558

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001559

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001560

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001561

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001562

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001564

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001563

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001565

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001566

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001567

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001568

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001569

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001570

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001571

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001572

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001573

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001574

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001575

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001576

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001577

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001578

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001579

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001580

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001581

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001582

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001583

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001584

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001585

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001586

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001587

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001588

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001589

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001590

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001591

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001592

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001593

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001594

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001595

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001596

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001597

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001598

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001599

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001600

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001601

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001602

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001603

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001604

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001605

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001606

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001607

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001608

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.

PI00001609

The Indonesian Kris is a cultural masterpiece created by the forefathers of the Indonesian nation. Originally the Kris was a dagger of asymmetric and detailed design. The Kris was always more of a talisman than a functional weapon, and was worn by heroes throughout Indonesia’s history, up to and including the 1945-1950 fight for Independence. The Kris now has five functions: tradition, social function, art, philosophy, and mystical. Physically, the Kris is in the form of a dagger with a blade 15 cm to 50 cm. Long, sharp on both edges and at the point, broader and asymmetric in shape near the hilt, it is made of a combination of several kinds of metal. Kris blades, hilts, and sheaths are sometimes decorated and inlaid with gold, silver and jewels and thus used as costly gifts on state occasions. The making of a Kris involves many spiritual aspects, not only the practical ones of metal-working.