Elements
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Tein Masin (Salt Production)
Tein Masin is an ancestral legacy that is inherited from generation to generation until today practiced in general by coastal population. Salt production can still be found in some coastal communities along the north coast of Timor-Leste from the municipality of bobonaro to the municipality of Lautem. With emphasis on the administrative post of Atabae-Bobonaro, Loes and Tibar-Liquica municipality, Manatatu municipality, and Laga in Baucau municipality.
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Seleleo-Seo/Kosok-Koso
The element is practiced in traditional wedding ceremonies, inherited from ancestors, commonly in Fataluku Ethnic and other neighborhood, located in eastern part of the country. Seleleo-Seo/Kosok-Koso is a kind of dowry agreement expression between the family of groom and bride within community. This practice is used to make the dowry negotiation between families in an attractive and interactive atmosphere. People in this community believes that Seleleo-Seo/Kosok-Koso is an important practice in wedding ceremony therefore to make family to be moreblessed and to strength the family ties.
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Silat Kampung / Silat Thasmil
Silat Tasmil, a self-defense art or gymnastic exercise with scenic or sports purposes, involving difficulties in balance, agility and coordination, composing the techniques of defence and attack against the enemy in a physical duel. This self-defence art is being practiced in the village of Holpilat at Maucatar administrative post, municipality of Covalima. Silat Thasmil in local language mean the local self-defense art has been used in ancient time to protect the people in the village from the outside attacks.
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Koto Tisi
Koto Tisi (wild beans) is a traditional method of making wild beans edible. It is local knowledge that helps people to survive in times of poverty, especially in dry weather where there is no food available to meet the need. Habitually, people collect the wild beans on its harvest time and normally people make the Koto Tisi in long dry season where food is hard to find in many regions of the country.
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Tuku Osan Masikana
Tuku Osan Masikana is a Traditional knowledge of making “masikana” coins into traditional jewelry such as “belak”, “kaibauk”, earrings, necklace, and rings. This kind of jewelry is useful in traditional ceremonies of various ethnicities in Timor-Leste. The knowledge of mixing coins with gold, bronze and silvers is actually still in practice in a neighbourhood of Maliana administrative post named Tunubibi, in the village of Memo. The belak (Tetum, disk) is part of the traditional dress of various East Timorese ethnicities. It is a round disk, usually made of bronze, but also of gold or silver.
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Sau batar / Celesipile (Corn Harvest)
The livelihoods of Timorese people are agriculture. Corn Harvest is a Timorese harvest ceremony practiced by farmers in various regions in the country. People in Timor-Leste are grateful for what they collect by the hard work sacrificed especially for their plantation in their farm. The corn harvest ceremony is a traditional thanksgiving ceremony to offer the best and first harvest to Lord and to other divines who believe that protects the plantations from the pest and other degradative agents.
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Akar
Akar is a kind of Traditional making food from the inner part of the trunk of palm trees. The knowledge of preparing the inner part of palm trees is also known as survival subsistence usually prepare in long dry seasons. Akar as same as Koto Tisi are the alternative food for community in long dry season.
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Bua Malus(Bitternut betel-pepper or leaf)
Bua Malus(Bitternut betel-pepper or leaf) is literally translated as betel leaves and areca betel nut; it is used in every ritual across the whole country. Bua Malus(Bitternut betel-pepper or leaf) is metaphorically representing the idea of peace, prosperity, good health and protection from bad luck and other misfortune or misery in life. Commonly people used Bua Malus(Bitternut betel-pepper or leaf) as; offerings for welcoming guests, “buka urat” (ritual ceremony for healing people), “kuta” (mark of blessing on someone’s forehead), “kakaluk/biru” (a spiritual item) and etc. Generally, Bua Malus(Bitternut betel-pepper or leaf) is used as an welcoming elements to welcome guests, besides, it’s an important element in every traditional rituals and ceremonies.
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Tara-Bandu(Tradtional Law)
Tara-Bandu is a traditional term refers to a widely held view within community. It’s a traditional custom that enforces peace and reconciliation trough the power of communal agreement to define social norms and practices acceptable to a given community. Tara-Bandu aims to regulate behavior and relations among people to people, people to animal and people to environment. The rules are set and whoever disobey the rules will get penalty for their acts. In Tara-Bandu ceremony includes sacrificing an animal as a common traditional practice across all community in Timor-Leste. As Timorese subsistence are commonly originate from agriculture, fisheries and livestock meanwhile Tara-Bandu has the role as customary traditions that regulate community members behaviors for their own environments; dry land and ocean that surrounds them from which they are dependent upon for their own daily livelihood.
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Bidu Lensu Mutin (Traditional Dance)
Bidu Lensu Mutin is a typical traditional dance from the community of the village of Suai Loro, Covalima Municipality. This dance is performed in cultural occasions such as welcoming guests, inauguration of sacred houses, “sau batar” (corn harvest festival), and “tara bandu”. The movement and every step of the dance is following-up by traditional arrangement of music. Using a kind of dry palm leaf to give the sound and rhythm, and traditional song with local dialect give harmonies to the dance. The dance have been passed from one generation to another and up to now it is still alive within the communities.
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Tebe Otas Uluk
One of the traditional dances of Timor-Leste is Tebe Otas Uluk, practiced by the both gender men and women of all ages in Fatu-Mea administrative post, municipality of Covalima. Commonly, this traditional dance is used in traditional ceremonies such as the ceremonies made during the sacred house constructions, religious ceremonies, national days’ celebration and other regional and national ceremonies out of Fatumea. The dance is being accompanying by a song which is composed of three phrases: Loro Matan Mesak Leok Lemorai (The Sun Alone Shining Everywhere); Hali Leon Tolu Leon Covalima (Three focus tree “Ficus benjamina” and five baskets); Hali Odamatan Tahan Ole Olen (literally, Ficus Tree in the door with soft leaf). These phrases are as the expression of respect gratitude to the Lord almighty, creator of everything, acknowledgment of their ancestors and the hope of having a good leader with good character of leadership which can lead his people to a good living full of blessing of peace and prosperity
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Tebe Lilin
The Tebe Lilin dance is a traditional dance, practiced in the ancient times, where the coexistence of society was very strict in the activities. Actually the dance still practicing and performing in the occasions of constructing sacred houses at the west part of the country, typically in Covalima Municipality. The dance itself is combined with traditional songs, which expressing the meaningful of life, social interaction and connecting mind within the clan and relationships in the community
Timor-Leste