Publications
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Manage No DI00001307 Country Kyrgyzstan Author 카밀라 켄제타예바 (유네스코키르기스스탄위원회 문화담당관) Published Year 2022 Language English Copyright Attach File Preview (KOR)
Description | 유르트(Yurt)는 단순히 수많은 유목민족이 사용하는 이동식 거처가 아니라 유목민의 창조성의 정점이자 키르기스인들의 민족적 정체성의 상징이다. 유르트는 구조가 단순해서 소수의 사람만으로도 재빨리 조립하고 해체할 수 있으며, 추위와 뜨거운 태양을 피할 수 있다. 가장 중요한 것은 유르트는 모두 자연에서 얻은 재료로 만든다는 것이다. 이에 따라 유르트는 생태관광, 수백 년 된 전통과 공예를 촉진하는 가장 좋은 선택권이 된다. 키르기스스탄에서 유르트를 설치하지 않고는 인생의 어떠한 큰 행사도 치를 수 없다. 탄생과 결혼, 장례까지 모두 전통적으로 유르트에서 거행된다. 이는 지역적 차원에서부터 국가적, 국제적 차원에 이르기까지 모든 축제, 의식 그리고 중요한 행사의 필수적인 부분이다. |
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EE00001330
Kazakh traditional yurt (nomadic dwelling)
Yurt (kaz. 'kigiz uy', 'kiiz uy') - portable housing with dismountable wooden circular frame with felt covering. Its origins date back to the era of ancient Turkic nomads. For modern population of Kazakhstan yurt is not only housing, and the model of the universe; it is also a symbol of their national identity. A yurt is a round folding wooden frame covered with felt and rope weaving. The frame of the yurt consisting of four parts: • kerege - ready-sliding base • 'uyk' ('uyq') - dome poles, roof (modern) • shanyrak ('shanyrak') - circular top, a chimney and a window (modern) • yessyk ('esik') - double doors (modern) Tent can be easily assembled and disassembled in a short period of time. Yurt is mainly characterized as easily transportable, compact, ecological and practical home. The yurt used as livestock housing in their daily life and urban residents as a gazebo, which reinforces the sense of the continuity of the traditions of their ancestors.
Kazakhstan 2014 -
EE00000068
Traditional knowledge and skills in making Kyrgyz and Kazakh yurts (Turkic nomadic dwellings)
Yurt production includes knowledge and skills in creating a portable dwelling traditionally used by Kazakh and Kyrgyz people. Yurt has a dismountable wooden circular frame covered with felt and braided with ropes. Yurts can be easily set up and dismantled within a short period of time. Yurts are basically characterized as easily transportable, compact, ecological and practical dwellings. Bearers of yurt-making traditional knowledge are craftspeople (men and women), producing yurts and yurts’ interior decorations. Men and their apprentices make yurts’ wooden frames, traditionally by hand using special devices and instruments. Men also make wooden, leather, bone and metal details for yurts and household items. Women make yurt coverings and interior decorations. As a rule, they work in community-based groups supervised by experienced skilled women-artisans. Women-artisans use weaving, spinning, braiding, felting, embroidering, sewing, winding and other traditional handicraft technologies. Women’s work- process is usually accompanied by their singing, joking, telling stories about famous masters of the past and treating traditional meals. Clans’ wise elders are also bearers. Knowledge and skills are transmitted through generations traditionally from masters to their apprentices (oral instructions, practical classes, joint production). The element is a great value and heritage received genetically or through learning, enriched by masters and transmitted to young generations. Joint production of yurts gives craftspeople the “one-family” feeling; the use of yurts by livestock-breeders as their dwellings in everyday life and by urban citizens as their summer-houses generates the feeling of continuity of ancestors’ traditions. Yurts are an obligatory part of all national festivities, traditional events and funeral-memorial rituals; yurts are kept in the family and transmitted from parents to their children as a sacred family relic ensuring ancestors’ protection. For Kyrgyz and Kazakh people the Yurt is not only a dwelling and the Universe model; but also a symbol of their national identity. Yurt’s top crown shanyrak and tyundyuk are depicted on the state symbols of Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan – coat of arms and flag. Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan Heads of State receive honourable guests in Yurt.
Kazakhstan,Kyrgyzstan 2014